Các hợp chất giống như chất độc da cam và dioxin (DLC) là một gia đình của các hóa chất tự nhiên và nhân tạo được phổ biến và sinh học liên tục. Chúng được liên kết với một dải rộng các hiệu ứng bất lợi sinh học, cả hai bệnh ung thư và không ung thư. Dioxin vào từ vựng của công chúng như là một kết quả của một số câu chuyện tin tức cao trong vài thập kỷ qua. Mặc dù không bao giờ cố ý sản xuất, dioxin đã được sau đó được tìm thấy là đáng kể hóa học. | 16 Exposure to Dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds1 Daniel J. Stralka . Environmental Protection Agency Harold A. Ball . Environmental Protection Agency CONTENTS Dioxin Toxicity Factors and Sources Emissions and Environmental Media and Food Sources and Pathways to Human Exposure .389 Summary and Future Directions .391 Questions for Review .391 References .392 SYNOPSIS Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds DLC are a family of natural and human-made chemicals that are ubiquitous and biologically persistent. They are associated with a broad spectrum of adverse biological effects both cancer and non-cancer. Dioxin entered the public lexicon as a result of a number of high-profile news stories over the past several decades. Although never intentionally produced dioxins were later found to be significant chemical by-products in the synthesis of a range of chemical products. For example dioxin was a common contaminant in products produced from chlorophenol including Agent Orange a chemical defoliant used in Vietnam and a bactericide used for disinfection. Inappropriate disposal of waste from the manufacture of hexachlorophene led to significant exposure of residents of Times Beach MO to dioxin. The area was subsequently cleaned up by the . Environmental Protection Agency USEPA under Superfund legislation. However the major source of environmental dioxin release today is as a by-product of almost every combustion process. Dioxins then move through the environment where they bioconcentrate in animals and fish which become a source of low-level exposure to the population. There are a number of PBTs or persistent bioaccumulative and toxic compounds that are receiving international attention. The focus of this chapter is the occurrence and fate of dioxin in the environment dioxin toxicity and current exposure to the population and strategies to manage the general .
