Gray cơ hội chữa khỏi hoàn thành năm Quản lý intraportal chế độ của fluorouracil, 500 mg m-2, vào ngày đầu tiên sau khi phẫu thuật và heparin tiêm truyền liên tục trong 7 ngày. Các bệnh nhân, Ai có ba trẻ em, quan tâm để theo chế độ IS Bất kỳ lịch sử đó cải thiện cơ hội sống còn lâu dài. | A J Statistical concepts a tool for J evidence-based practice R. w. Morris Objectives If you wish to apply up-to-date published research to your clinical practice you need to grasp basic statistical concepts and common techniques that quantify the benefits of new interventions and diagnostic tests. You must be able to appraise critically the design of research studies apart from understanding the handling of quantitative data in published research. You can then practise evidencebased medicine see Ch. 12 . If you wish to carry out your own quantitative research you must have a firm grasp of statistical principles. In this chapter I shall aim to provide a comprehensible outline of various statistical techniques employed in surgical research rather than attempt a detailed coverage. For this reason I have recommended useful books for further reading. CLINICALSCENARIO. . . Mr Dennis Gray is a 49-year-old gardener. He was diagnosed as having carcinoma of the rectum after presenting to his general practitioner with bleeding on defecation. A CT scan of the abdomen suggests that the tumour is about 3 cm in diameter and has not yet become locally invasive. There is no sign of metastatic spread. Mr Gray is scheduled for curative resection with preservation of anal function. You feel that adjuvant chemotherapy is not necessary in this case in view of the many favourable prognostic features. The consultant however wishes to maxi mize Mr Gray s chances of complete cure by administering an intraportal regimen of fluorouracil 500 mg m 2 on the first day after surgery and a continuous heparin infusion for 7 days. The patient who has three young children is keen to follow any regimen that improves his chances of long-term survival. Many clinical questions might arise during Mr Gray s encounters with both the general practitioner and the surgeon. These may include in particular Diagnosis. How important is bleeding on defecation in establishing the presence of a rectal carcinoma .
