So với Những Ai Đã lập gia đình. Dựa trên MacMahon và Pugh của phát hiện này, các Duberstein và sử dụng phương pháp khám nghiệm tử thi colleagues15 tâm lý như một cách để phân biệt Những cam kết tự sát Ai Hơn 4 năm sau cái chết của người phối ngẫu của họ | single status personality disorder history of aggression suicidal thoughts social isolation physical illness alcohol abuse and recent suicide attempt. SUICIDE AND BEREAVEMENT There is an increased risk of suicidal gestures completed suicide and death from accidents following the death of a spouse or a parent7-10. The suicide risk for those widowed was first observed over a century ago by Durkheim who found that suicide was higher amongst those widowed compared to those married. When compared to the general population Mergenhagen and colleagues11 found the mortality ratio for suicide in young widowers 45-64 years of age was about four and a half times the rate for married men of similar age. Most studies have found a gender bias with younger men being at the greatest risk of suicide12 although Heikkinen and coworkers13 found evidence of an association between widowhood and women aged 60-69 years. A 12-year follow-up study in Washington USA of 6266 white married and 3486 white widowed people aged 60 years and older found death rates from suicide to be per 100 000 person years for the married and for the widowed14. There was also a significant effect from gender with the suicide risk for widowed men estimated to be times higher than that for married men while the risk of suicide for widows and married women was found to be similar. Several longitudinal studies have found that the risk of suicide is greatest for the period immediately following the loss. MacMahon and Pugh9 compared 320 widowed people who had committed suicide to a matched sample of widows who had died from non-suicide causes. They found that although the risk of suicide among the widowed population was generally higher in the first 4 years after the death of the spouse the risk of suicide in the first year was times higher and in the first second and third years about times higher. The risk at 4 years or more was equal to that of the control group. The age-standardized suicide .
