WILDLIFE SCIENCE: LINKING ECOLOGICAL THEORY AND MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS - CHAPTER 14

Kế sinh thái là một trong các lý thuyết quan trọng nhất ảnh hưởng đến phương thức quản lý động vật hoang dã (Bolen và Robinson 2003: 43). Lý thuyết sinh thái cung cấp cơ sở cho dự đoán kết quả thao tác xử lý môi trường sống để mang lại lợi ích cho động vật hoang dã thường được áp dụng như khái quát trên rộng địa lý khu vực. Nhiều người trong số các mô hình được sử dụng trong quản lý môi trường sống của động vật hoang dã được phát triển trong mesic môi trường. Những mô hình này có. | 14 Applying Ecological Theory to Habitat Management The Altering Effects of Climate Timothy Edward Fulbright J. Alfonso Ortega-S. Allen Rasmussen and Eric J. Redeker CONTENTS Ecological Theories Underlying Habitat Management. 242 Management Practices Based on Directional Vegetation Dynamics. 242 Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Vegetation Dynamics. 243 From the Patch to the Landscape. 245 Landscape Ecology and Geospatial Technologies. 246 New Habitat Management Paradigms Increasing Landscape Heterogeneity. 247 Maintenance of Biological Diversity by Disturbance . 249 Problems with Use of Disturbance to Manipulate Habitats. 249 Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis. 249 Natural versus Human-Imposed Disturbances. 250 Prior Disturbance. 250 Hypothetical Differences in Functions of Disturbance in Xeric and Mesic Environments . 250 Facilitation of Exotic Species Invasion. 251 Grazing and Exotic Grasses. 251 Mechanical Brush Management Treatments and Exotic Grasses . 252 Fire and Exotic Grasses . 252 Natural Disturbance Regimes on Unnatural Landscapes. 253 Conclusions. 254 References. 255 Ecological succession is one of the most important theories influencing wildlife management practices Bolen and Robinson 2003 43 . Ecological theories providing the basis for predicting the outcome of habitat manipulations to benefit wildlife are often applied as generalizations across broad geographic regions. Many of the paradigms used in wildlife habitat management were developed in relatively mesic environments. These paradigms may not consistently predict outcomes of management efforts where low and erratic precipitation and periodic drought change at least temporarily the nature of vegetation dynamics. In arid and semiarid regions variation in precipitation may modify or 241 2008 by Taylor Francis Group LLC 242 Wildlife Science Linking Ecological Theory and Management Applications override anticipated effects of habitat manipulations Fulbright 1999 Fuhlendorf et al. 2001 Rogers et al.