Mục đích chính của bảo tồn động vật hoang dã là để duy trì nhà máy tối đa và sự đa dạng động vật thông qua những đặc điểm di truyền, chức năng sinh thái và chu kỳ sinh học, địa lý-hóa học, cũng như duy trì các giá trị thẩm mỹ (IUCN 1996). Điều này đã đạt được đến một mức độ nhất định thông qua việc tạo ra các công viên và dự trữ ở các bộ phận khác nhau của thế giới. Các khu vực này được đặt sang một bên và quản lý để bảo vệ. | 7 Application of remote sensing and geographic information systems in wildlife mapping and modelling Jan de Leeuw Wilbur K. Ottichilo Albertus G. Toxopeus and Herbert . Prins ABSTRACT Wildlife management requires reliable and consistent information on the abundance distribution of species and their habitats as well as threats. This article reviews the application of remote sensing and GIS techniques in wildlife distribution and habitat mapping and modelling. INTRODUCTION The main purpose of wildlife conservation is to maintain maximum plant and animal diversity through genetic traits ecological functions and bio-geo-chemical cycles as well as maintaining aesthetic values IUCN 1996 . This has been achieved to a certain extent through the creation of parks and reserves in different parts of the world. These areas are set aside and managed to protect individual plant and animal species or more commonly of assemblages of species of habitats and groups of habitats. Different criteria are used in the establishment of parks and nature reserves. Ideally they should comprise communities of plants and animals that are in balance and exhibit maximum diversity Jewell 1989 . However some areas have been designated as parks or reserves based on high-profile species only or because they form a habitat for endangered or endemic plants or animals or are unique natural landscapes. Many parks are declared for purposes other than wildlife conservation. For over a century national parks and reserves have been the dominant method of wildlife conservation Western and Gichohi 1993 . Because most of these areas are not complete ecological units or functional ecosystems in themselves they have experienced a range of management problems. The main problem is the general decline in plant and animal diversity Western and Gichohi 1993 . A new approach is thus the ecosystem approach to promote biological diversity outside the traditional protected areas Prins and Henne 1998 . Wildlife and
