Characterization of a VHS virus genotype III isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhychus mykiss) at a marine site on the west coast of Norway | Duesund et al. Virology Journal 2010 7 19 http content 7 1 19 VIROLOGY JOURNAL RESEARCH Open Access Characterization of a VHS virus genotype III isolated from rainbow trout Oncorhychus mykiss at a marine site on the west coast of Norway Henrik Duesund Stian Nylund Kuninori Watanabe Karl F Ottem Are Nylund Abstract Background Norwegian production of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss has been without any outbreaks of VHS for many years until the disease emerged in a farm in western Norway in November 2007. The fish were in addition to VHS virus positive for gill chlamydia-like bacteria Flavobacterium psychrophilum and a microsporidian. A new VHS virus genotype III was isolated from the fish in RTgill-W1 cells and the complete coding region 11 065 nucleotides was sequenced. This virus was also used in a challenge experiment to see if it could cause any mortality in rainbow trout in sea water. Results This is the first time a nearly complete sequence of a genotype III virus isolate has been presented. The organization of the genes is the same as in the other VHS virus genotypes studied GI and GIV . Between the ORFs are nontranslated regions that contain highly conserved sequences encompassing the polyadenylation signal for one gene and the putative transcription initiation site of the next gene. The intergenic regions vary in length from 74 nt to 128 nt. The nucleotide sequence is more similar to genotype I isolates compared to isolates from genotype II and IV. Analyses of the sequences of the N and G protein genes show that this new isolate is distinct from other VHS virus isolates and groups closely together with isolates from genotype III. In a challenge experiment using intraperitoneal ip injection of the isolate co-habitation with infected fish and bath challenge mortalities slightly above 40 were obtained. There was no significant difference in mortality between the bath challenged group and the ip injected group while the mortality in the .
