Đi bè của sinh vật biển và trên đất liền ĐÃ sinh thái quan trọng, ý nghĩa tiến hóa và Biogeographical. Đây các nguyên tắc chung của đi bè được mô tả và như thế nào Họ Đóng góp vào kết nối dân cư. Đặc điểm phân tán đi bè ĐÃ Đặc biệt, tháng nào khác biệt đáng kể từ Những loài sinh vật phù du phát tán ấu trùng với. Khoảng cách phát tán qua đã đạt được có thể đi bè Thay đổi đáng kể:. | Oceanography and Marine Biology An Annual Review 2006 44 323-429 R. N. Gibson R. J. A. Atkinson and J. D. M. Gordon Editors Taylor Francis THE ECOLOGY OF RAFTING IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. III. BIOGEOGRAPHICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES MARTIN THIEL1-2 PILAR A. HAYE1-2 1Departamento de Biología Marina Facultad de Ciencias del Mar Universidad Católica del Norte Larrondo 1281 Coquimbo Chile E-mail thiel@ Fax 56 51 209 812 2Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas CEAZA Coquimbo Chile Author for correspondence Abstract Rafting of marine and terrestrial organisms has important ecological biogeographical and evolutionary implications. Herein the general principles of rafting are described and how they contribute to population connectivity. Rafting dispersal has particular characteristics which may differ substantially from those of species with planktonic larval dispersal. Dispersal distances achieved via rafting can vary considerably journeys may be very short or in some cases extremely long depending on currents and wind. Accumulation of rafts in convergence zones facilitates cohesion of travelling groups possibly reducing the risk of founder populations being very small. This becomes particularly important over long distances where singular founder events could provoke strong reduction of the genetic variability in the founded population. The frequency of transport affects the degree of connectivity between local populations. Three important rafting routes are distinguished frequent intermittent and episodic. Frequent rafting routes are found in bays lagoons and estuaries and they are typically facilitated by substrata of biotic origin seagrass saltmarsh vegetation intermediate-sized algae and mangroves . Intermittent rafting routes are found along temperate continental shores where they are facilitated primarily by giant kelps. In the subtropics and the Arctic intermittent rafting routes facilitated by wood are particularly important. Episodic rafting .
