Re-thành lập các chức năng thần kinh bằng cách sửa chữa hoặc ghép dây thần kinh (dây thần kinh phổ biến sural nhà tài trợ thần kinh) Các biện pháp khác, chẳng hạn như chuyển cơ bắp, tĩnh đình chỉ, resections da, chuyển mô cơ bắp, vv | c. Re-establishment of nerve function by repair or nerve graft sural nerve common donor nerve d. Other measures such as muscle transfers static suspension skin resections free tissue transfers of muscle etc. Primary palate Secondary palate Lip Alveolus Incisive foramen Hard palate Soft palate Tonsillar pillar Fig. 4-1 Affected Relatives Predicted Outcomes CL CP One sibling 4 4 One Parent 4 4 Sibling and a Parent Wo CP One Sibling 2-4 4 One Parent 2-4 Sibling and a Parent 15 Note If congenital lip pits inherited as autosomal dominant gene with variable penetrance Van der Wonde s Syndrome 50 incidence Generalpredictions individual cases may vary Table 4-1 48 CLASSIFICATION OF LIP CLEFTS Unilateral Unilateral Bilateral incomplete complete complete Fig. 4-2 CLASSIFICATION OF PALATE CLEFTS Unilateral complete cleft lip and palate complete Bilateral complete cleft lip and palate and Bilateral complete cleft lip and palate Fig. 4-3 49 FRACTURE OF ZYGOMATIC COMPLEX Fig. 4-4 Fig. 4-5 50 WATERS VIEW Fig. 4-6 FRONTAL SINUS LATERAL ORBITAL WALL INFRAORBITAL RIDGE ZYGOMA MAXILLARY SINUS ZYGOMATIC ARCH CORONOID PROCESS CONDYLE MANDIBLE 51 CHAPTER 4 BIBLIOGRAPHY HEAD AND NECK 1. sperber GH. Craniofacial Development. . Decker Inc. Hamilton 2001. 2. Cohen MM Etiology and pathogenesis of orofacial clefting. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. . 2000 12 379-397. 3. Evans . and Manson . Review and current perspectives of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Am Coll Surg. 1994 178 523-40. 4. Gruss in craniofacial fracture repair. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg Suppl. 1995 27 67-81. 5. Manson PN Hoopes JE Su CT. Structural pillars of the facial skeletomAn approach to the management of Le Fort fractures. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 1980 66 1 54-61. 6. Luce . Reconstruction of the lower up. Clin Plast Surg. 1995 22109-21. 7. Manson PN. et al. Subunit principles in midline fractures the importance of sagittal buttresses soft-tissue reductions and sequencing treatment of
