Việc sử dụng quá mức chấn thương dây chằng: đau đến từ. Thể thao Med nội soi khớp Rev 8:17-31. 16. Khan KM, Cook JL, Maffulli N, et al. (2000) là nỗi đau đến từ trong tendinopathy? nó có thể được sinh hóa, không chỉ cấu trúc, nguồn gốc. Thể thao Br J Med. 34:81-83. 17. Alfredson H, K Thorsen, | 274 N. Maffulli et al. tionnaire-based instrument to measure the severity of Achilles tendinopathy the VISA-A 84 . There is a need for a quantitative index of pain and function in patients with Achilles tendinopathy. The VISA-A questionnaire appears a valid reliable and easy-to-administer measure of the severity of Achilles tendinopathy and seems suitable for both clinical rating and quantitative research. Conclusions Surgery for chronic overuse tendon conditions even when successful does not reconstitute a normal tendon. Mostly the result is functionally satisfactory despite morphological differences and biomechanical weakness compared to a normal tendon. The therapeutic use of growth factors by gene transfer it seems may produce a tendon which is biologically biomechanically biochemically and physiologically more normal. References 1. Józsa L Kannus P. 1997 Human Tendon Anatomy Physiology and Pathology. Champaign IL Human Kinetics. 2. Maffulli N Benazzo F. 2000 Basic sciences of tendons. Sports Med Arthroscopy Rev. 8 1-5. 3. Birk DE Zycband EI Woodruff S Winkelmann DA Trelstad RL. 1997 Collagen fibrillogenesis in situ fibril segments become long fibrils as the developing tendon matures. Developmental Dynamics. 208 291-298. 4. Puddu G Ippolito E Postacchini F. 1976 A classification of Achilles tendon disease. Am J Sports Med. 4 145-150. 5. Selvanetti A Cipolla M Puddu G. 1997 Overuse tendon injuries basic science and classification. Operative Techniques Sports Med. 5 110-117. 6. Khan KM Maffulli N. 1998 Tendinopathy an Achilles heel for athletes and clinicians. Clin J Sport Med. 8 151-154. 7. Maffulli N Khan KM Puddu G. 1998 Overuse tendon conditions time to change a confusing terminology. Arthroscopy. 14 840-843. 8. Maffulli N Binfield PM King JB. 1998 Tendon problems in athletic individuals. J Bone Joint Surg. Am 80-A 142-143. 9. Astrom M Rausing A. 1995 Chronic Achilles tendinopa-thy. a survey of surgical and histopathologic findings. Clin Orthop Rel Res. 316 .
