Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Targeting the inflammation in HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: a role in the prevention and treatment | Castello et al. Journal of Translational Medicine 2010 8 109 http content 8 1 109 REVIEW JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE Open Access Targeting the inflammation in HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma a role in the prevention and treatment Giuseppe Castello 1 Susan Costantini1 Stefania Scala2 Abstract Epidemiological preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated that chronic inflammation induced by hepatitis C virus HCV is crucial in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The interaction between hepatocytes and microenvironment regards virus inflammatory and immunocompetent cells chemo- and cyto-kines reactive oxygen species ROS and nitric oxide NO generating cell transformation. We suggest hepatocarcinoma HCC as a model in which the targeting of microenvironment determine neoplastic transformation. The present review focuses on the role of inflammation in carcinogenesis the clinical impact of HCC and the inadequacy of the actual therapy the chemoprevention targeting the microenvironment. HCC epidemiology Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC accounts for 5 of all human cancers and for 80 - 90 of primary liver cancer. It is a major health problem worldwide being the fifth most common malignancy in men and the eighth in women the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Moreover early diagnosis is uncom-mom and medical treatments are inadeguate 1 . Yearly 550 000 people worldwide die for HCC with a 2 1 ratio for men versus women. Its incidence is increasing dramatically with marked variations among geographic areas 2 racial and ethnic groups environmental risk factors 3 4 . The estimated annual number of HCC cases exceeds 700 000 with a mean annual incidence of 3-4 2 . Most HCC cases 80 occur in either subSaharan Africa or in Eastern Asia China alone accounts for more than 50 of the world s cases 2 . In the United States US HCC incidence is lower than other countries 100 000 even if there has been a significant and alarming
