Vật giá thông tin: Sự tương tác của cơ chế và chính sách 4,1 giá lý thuyết Các ví dụ được cung cấp trong Chương 3 minh họa rằng trong những năm gần đây, giá cả hàng hóa công nghệ thông tin và thông tin có biến động đáng kể. Phần này khám phá mức độ mà các lý thuyết hiện hành của giá cả có thể giúp giải thích các ví dụ được đề cập trong phần trước. Khu vực đầu tiên của lý thuyết, được gọi là phân biệt giá, địa chỉ, giá cả có thể được thiết lập cho một. | chapter four Pricing information The interaction of mechanism and policy Pricing theories The examples provided in Chapter 3 illustrate that in recent years the pricing of information and information technology goods has been subject to considerable volatility. This section explores the extent to which prevailing theories of pricing can help explain the examples covered in previous sections. The first area of theory known as price discrimination addresses how prices can be set given a demand from a segmented market and is categorized in three sections based on the original definition by Pigou in 1932 Wikipedia 2006 . First-degree price discrimination First-degree price discrimination is where the producer sells the same goods to different market segments at different prices. The determinant is the ability or willingness of the customer to pay a price Dedeke 2002 . For example IGN Belgium sells its topographic data at the scale of 1 10 000 for different prices depending on the type of area rural areas cost half the price of urban areas . in the 2006 price list from 10 to 40 euro per square kilometer in rural areas depending upon area size purchased compared to 20 to 80 euro for urban areas. The selling of cars has classically been a first-degree pricing process. There is an advertised or recommended price from which discounts are given for large fleet purchasers or selectively for individual customers through trade-in discounts and special offers. The opaque nature of new car pricing has historically made it difficult for potential purchasers to effectively discriminate between vendors. Such customer uncertainty has now encouraged some manufacturers to move from variable to fixed pricing. However this also can generate problems as when . car manufacturer Ford announced a clear pricing strategy what was meant to say Here s a justifiable and reasonable price can come across in ads as Hey we won t rip you off this time Mahoney 2006 . http . .
