An Introduction to the C shell

A shell in UNIX acts mostly as a medium through which other programs are invoked. While it has a set of builtin functions which it performs directly, most commands cause execution of programs that are, in fact, external to the shell. | An Introduction to the C shell William Joy revised for by Mark Seiden Computer Science Division Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 ABSTRACT Csh is a new command language interpreter for UNIXf systems. It incorporates good features of other shells and a history mechanism similar to the redo of interlisp. While incorporating many features of other shells which make writing shell programs shell scripts easier most of the features unique to csh are designed more for the interactive unix user. unix users who have read a general introduction to the system will find a valuable basic explanation of the shell here. Simple terminal interaction with csh is possible after reading just the first section of this document. The second section describes the shell s capabilities which you can explore after you have begun to become acquainted with the shell. Later sections introduce features which are useful but not necessary for all users of the shell. Additional information includes an appendix listing special characters of the shell and a glossary of terms and commands introduced in this manual. Introduction A shell is a command language interpreter. Csh is the name of one particular command interpreter on unix. The primary purpose of csh is to translate command lines typed at a terminal into system actions such as invocation of other programs. Csh is a user program just like any you might write. Hopefully csh will be a very useful program for you in interacting with the unix system. In addition to this document you will want to refer to a copy of the unix User Reference Manual. The csh documentation in section 1 of the manual provides a full description of all features of the shell and is the definitive reference for questions about the shell. Many words in this document are shown in italics. These are important words names of commands and words which have special meaning in discussing the .

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