Thực hiện Kế hoạch và tích hợp hệ thống và Phân tích Quy trình Cơ quan liên bang được cấp thẩm quyền tùy ý rộng rãi về việc làm thế nào họ chọn để tích hợp Quốc gia Đạo luật chính sách môi trường (NEPA) vào quá trình lập kế hoạch của họ bao gồm cả việc xác định các chiến lược thích hợp, thủ tục và phương pháp phân tích được sử dụng. Ví dụ, một cơ quan có một mức độ tuyệt vời của vĩ độ trong việc xác định phạm vi và chi tiết của vấn đề phải được. | 4 Performing a Systematic and Integrated Planning and Analysis Process Federal agencies are granted broad discretionary authority regarding how they choose to integrate National Environmental Policy Act NEPA into their planning processes including determining the appropriate strategies procedures and analytical methodologies to be used. For instance an agency has a great degree of latitude in determining the scope and detail of the issues to be reviewed the scientific methodology and models to be used in the analysis and the methods required to insure scientific accuracy. Typically the burden of proof in demonstrating that an agency has failed to comply in an appropriate manner with NEPA does not lie with the agency but with the party challenging the agency. This chapter is designed to introduce the reader to the concepts of integrated and systematic analysis and planning. As such this chapter introduces some of the fundamental environmental statutes regulations principles and other requirements that must commonly be integrated with the NEPA planning process. A FLEXIBLE PLANNING PROCESS As a planning tool NEPA is particularly flexible. Unlike most of the other environmental statutes NEPA allows decision-makers to balance other factors such as political considerations risk cost safety and schedules in reaching a final decision. NEPA requires agencies to account for environmental factors yet it does not mandate unwieldy performance standards or other burdensome restrictions on project engineers or decision-makers. Relevant regulatory provisions that underscore this flexibility include the following Identify environmental effects and values in adequate detail so they can be compared to economic and technical analyses b emphasis added . An agency may discuss preferences among alternatives based on relevant factors including economic and technical considerations and agency statutory missions. An agency shall identify and discuss all such factors including any
