Thang đặt trên bề mặt không ổn định cán đạt quá xa để các bên (overreaching) Cán đứng quá cao trên bậc thang để duy trì thang cân bằng khuyết tật hoặc bị hỏng (ví dụ như bị phá vỡ đường ray hoặc nấc và phần cứng bị mất tích) Thang không có bảo đảm hoặc chuẩn bị tinh thần cán mang tải trong khi tăng dần và giảm dần Lựa chọn thang sai cho công việc (Hình ) không đúng vị trí trên các bậc thang thời tiết tác dụng phụ như gió mạnh, mưa, nước đá, hoặc tuyết. | 16 Ladder Safety Ladders are one of the most useful tools in the workplace. When properly used ladders are one of the most useful tools available to workers. Improper uses including the following can result in injuries falls and deaths Ladders placed on unstable surfaces Personnel reaching too far out to the sides overreaching Personnel standing too high on the ladder to maintain balance Defective or broken ladders . broken rails or rungs and missing hardware Ladders that were not secured or braced Personnel carrying loads while ascending and descending Selecting the wrong ladder for the job Figure Improper position on the ladder Adverse weather such as strong winds rain ice or snow Using a ladder to work on electrical conductors or power lines 2008 by Taylor Francis Group LLC. Sectional painter Platform Tripod ladder ladder ladder FIGURE Select the proper ladder for the task. Courtesy of Department of Energy. This type of improper use of ladders results in an estimated 19 000 injuries and 24 fatalities per year according to Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA . Falls or slips account for 80 of accidents and almost half fell at least 8 ft. While falling 50 held on to other objects while 66 were not trained on how to inspect ladders and 73 were not instructed on the safe use of ladders. In 73 of accidents the ladders involved were extension or straight ladders and in 20 they were step ladders. LADDER SAFETY PROGRAM Management s Commitment Employers need to ensure that they have policies for the use of ladders and workers need to understand that they are expected to comply with them such as the example in Figure . Training Employers have a tendency to think that all workers know how to use ladders in a safe manner. Many times it is the experienced worker who has a ladder accident. All Company ladder safety policy The company is committed to preventing ladder related acci- dents. It is expected that the company rules
