Tham khảo tài liệu 'future aeronautical communications part 8', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Interoperability Among Heterogeneous Networks for Future Aeronautical Communications 163 applications that do not explicitly send a request to the IR specifying the required QoS but will start sending the application data directly to the IR. An example is the data sent from passenger specific application . web-browser . The Resource Manager will also be responsible for managing the resources required for such traffic. As a key part of the Collaborative RRM mechanism the Resource Manager carries out the first level of decision making. It is responsible for deciding when new resources are required when resources are released etc. It will also perform link selection decision upon receiving a dedicated RR for a given application. The Link Manager in the IMR is responsible for controlling the radio links and performs the second level of RRM related decision making for connection establishment. In the case of a general RR the LM will select the most suitable link by mapping the application QoS requirements onto the resource availability and the quality of available links. The radio link that can most satisfy the QoS requirements will be selected and a general session between the IR and the selected radio link will be established. Cross-layer collaborative QoS management In relation to satisfying the QoS requirements upon a service request the IQM in the IR will control and manage the IP Queues. On receiving data from the higher layers the IP QoS manager performs packet classification based on the type of application and perform packet marking using Diffserv code points. Codes corresponding to the QoS requirements are added to the IP header of each packet before sending it to the IMR. The IQM in the IR also performs packet level scheduling of all incoming application packets based on their QoS requirements. The IR sees the different sessions between the IR and the IMR as different data pipes through which different data needs to be sent. Except under the .