Tham khảo tài liệu 'integrated waste management volume ii part 6', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 167 Emerging Issues on Urban Mining in Automobile Recycling Outlook on Resource Recycling in East Asia In ELVs various metals can be found from different parts of a car. The following figure shows the distribution of rare earth metals from the exterior components of a car Auto Body Turbocharger Axle Wheel Drive-line Steering Suspension Brake Processing Equipme nt Engine Source Nagamura 2010 Mn - Manganese Ni - Nickel Cr - Chromium Mo - Molybdenum Fig. 1. Rare earth metals in auto parts It will be noted from the above figure that Chromium has the highest concentration in engines and processing equipment while Manganese is abundant in suspension and steering parts. The rest of rare earth metals are spread in other auto parts. In terms of the price of earth metals the following table shows the resource market fluctuation for iron ore iron scrap copper silver and gold Metals t Jan 2010 Jan 2011 Range of Elevation Iron ore 135 Iron scrap Copper 7 065 9 585 Gold 1 1 Silver 1 2 Source Asahi Newspaper 2011 Table 2. Resource market fluctuation The prices of valuable earth metals in the world market have significantly risen from 2010 to 2011 with silver achieving the highest increase. In terms of recycling market the top three countries which have captured substantial markets for recycling are China India and Japan as shown on the following 168 Integrated Waste Management - Volume II Source Ministry of Environment Japan Fig. 2. Recycling markets in Asia 3. Existing ELV legislations examined The momentum towards ELV recycling was jumpstarted by the European Union EU with the passage of an ELV recycling law in 2000. Japan passed the Law for the Recycling of End-of-Life Vehicles in 2005. Korea legislated the Act for Resource Recycling of Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Vehicles in 2008. China on the other hand has Statute 307 which was enforced in 2010. One of the salient features of this law is
