Sự ám ảnh: tái phát hoặc kéo dài suy nghĩ gây ra lo lắng. Ép buộc: các hành vi hoặc nghi lễ tạm thời giảm bớt lo lắng. Bệnh nhân phải thừa nhận rằng triệu chứng của họ là bất hợp lý và nỗi ám ảnh của họ là suy nghĩ của riêng mình. | Obsessions cause T anxiety that is temporarily relieved by compulsions. PSYCHIATRY Symptoms Obsessions Recurrent or persistent thoughts that cause anxiety. Compulsions Behaviors or rituals that temporarily relieve anxiety. Patients must recognize that their symptoms are unreasonable and that their obsessions are their own thoughts. Differential Delusional disorder Patients do not find the thoughts unreasonable. Schizophrenia Patients have psychotic symptoms along with affective flattening asociality and avolition. Generalized anxiety disorder Patients have anxiety in several different areas of their lives that are generally not relieved by compulsive acts. Treatment Behavioral Exposure-response prevention therapy cognitive-behavioral therapy teaches patients how to diminish their cognitive distortions of the stressor and how to change their behavioral response . Medication Clomipramine SSRIs . paroxetine sertraline fluvoxam-ine . Higher doses than those used for depression are usually required. Complications Often leads to depression if left untreated. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder PTSD Reaction to a traumatic event characterized by reexperiencing avoidance and T arousal. Age of onset is variable the male-to-female ratio is 1 2. Prevalence is up to 3 but 30 of Vietnam veterans are affected. Symptoms Patients must have a perceived life-threatening trauma and all three of the following 1. Reexperiencing flashbacks nightmares etc. . 2. Avoidance places thoughts feelings people related to the trauma . 3. T arousal insomnia hyperstartle poor concentration anger outbursts . Patients must have all symptoms for a minimum of one month. Differential Depression Patients do not have flashbacks to a traumatic event. Generalized anxiety disorder Patients do not have a history of a traumatic event or flashbacks. Adjustment disorder Patients have stress anxiety depression or behavioral changes that are related to a specific trigger but do not have all three 1 symptoms .
