Photodiodes Communications Bio Sensings Measurements and High Energy Part 13

Tham khảo tài liệu 'photodiodes communications bio sensings measurements and high energy part 13', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Quantitative Measurements of X-Ray Intensity 231 Energy level IUPAC Energy eV K1s K1 25514 L2s L1 3806 L2pi 2 L2 3524 L2p3 2 L3 3351 M3s Ml M3pi 2 M2 M3W2 M3 M3d3 2 M4 M3d5 2 M5 N4s N1 N4P1 2 N2 N4p3 2 N3 Table 1. Electron Binding Energies for the Ag Atom Siegbahn Designation IUPAC Designation Spectral Line Energy eV Relative Intensity Ka2 K-L2 53 Ka1 K-L3 100 Kp3 K-M2 9 Kp1 K-M3 16 Kp2 K-N2 3 4 Table 2. The K Type X-ray Spectral Lines for the Ag Ion Siegbahn Designation IUPAC Designation Spectral Line Energy eV Relative Intensity La2 L3-M4 11 La1 L3-M5 100 Lp1 L2-M4 56 Lp2 15 L3-N5 6 13 Ly1 L2-N5 6 Table 3. The L Type X-ray Spectral Lines for the Ag Ion Spectral line widths lifetimes and competing processes The X-ray spectral lines have a narrow width relative to the photon energy. The line widths for several fluorescence transitions in the Ag singly ionized atom are given in Table 4. One can estimate the fluorescence lifetime for the line width using the uncertainty relation given in Equation 1 AE At h 1 AE fluorescence line width eV At lifetime of the fluorescence state sec h eV s Planck s constant 232 Photodiodes - Communications Bio-Sensings Measurements and High-Energy Physics The calculated lifetimes for the Ag transitions are given in Table 4. The fluorescence process can also be treated as a rate of decay from the higher energy state to the lower energy state with the rate constant given as the reciprocal of the lifetime. The rate constants for the two excited states Ag ion decay is given in Table 4. Ag Transition Line Width eV Lifetime sec Decay Rate Constant sec-1 K-L2 K-L3 L3-M4 L3-M5 L2-M4 Table 4. Line widths and fluorescence lifetimes for several Ag transitions There are other processes .