Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Retrograde transport pathways utilised by viruses and protein toxins | Virology Journal BioMed Central Open Access Review Retrograde transport pathways utilised by viruses and protein toxins Robert A Spooner Daniel C Smith Andrew J Easton Lynne M Roberts and J Michael Lord Address Department of Biological Sciences University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK Email Robert A Spooner - Daniel C Smith - Andrew J Easton - Lynne M Roberts - J Michael Lord - Corresponding author Published 07 April 2006 Received 21 December 2005 Accepted 07 April 2006 Virology journal 2006 3 26 doi 1743-422X-3-26 This article is available from http content 3 1 26 2006 Spooner et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract A model has been presented for retrograde transport of certain toxins and viruses from the cell surface to the ER that suggests an obligatory interaction with a glycolipid receptor at the cell surface. Here we review studies on the ER trafficking cholera toxin Shiga and Shiga-like toxins Pseudomonas exotoxin A and ricin and compare the retrograde routes followed by these protein toxins to those of the ER trafficking SV40 and polyoma viruses. We conclude that there is in fact no obligatory requirement for a glycolipid receptor nor even with a protein receptor in a lipid-rich environment. Emerging data suggests instead that there is no common pathway utilised for retrograde transport by all of these pathogens the choice of route being determined by the particular receptor utilised. Introduction A model for retrograde transport of ER-trafficking toxins and viruses from
