Mô hình tập đoàn phương pháp tiếp cận tập đoàn cho phép các thành viên đóng góp các nguồn lực như thời gian, chuyên môn, tiền bạc, và sự tín nhiệm trong một cách mà không có thành viên cá nhân có thể đạt được một mình. Cách tiếp cận này đã có những thành công to lớn trong việc tạo ra tiêu chuẩn công nghiệp, giao thức, và giải pháp phần mềm chia sẻ công nghệ và các lĩnh vực tài chính chính thức | Information Technology Innovations That Extend Rural Microfinance Outreach 177 ments in branch networks can turn offices from a cost centre into outlets that generate profit. Additionally the data that is collected through these electronic transactions can then be used to lower the cost of capital through improved portfolio reporting faster capital turnover market segmentation investments and securitisation. Consortium Model The consortium approach enables members to contribute resources such as time money expertise and credibility in a way that no individual member could achieve alone. This approach has had tremendous success in creating industry standards protocols and shared software solutions in both the technology and formal financial sectors. Visa International Bluetooth Apache and the Fair Isaac3 4 data consortium are private sector examples of successful collaboration among competitors that has expanded markets and services for all consortium members. The primary example in the microfinance industry today is the Hewlett Packard HP led MFT4 initiative that resulted in the remote transaction system RTS a front-end delivery solution available under an open source license. This is a major step forward for the industry eliminating duplication in developing delivery channel systems sharing lessons from implementing last mile solutions and gaining the momentum necessary to serve as a catalyst. Other collaborative open source initiatives are underway to develop a core management information system and standard credit bureau management system both being led by the Grameen Technology Center. The anticipated results of these efforts is a common public good open source software licences5 that can create new business opportunities by using the technology or providing support services. The consortium model lends itself to sharing credit and transaction histories that can be used to assess risk and build scoring models for underserved customer profiles. Although a common
