Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về hóa học được đăng trên tạp chí hóa hoc quốc tế đề tài : Gastrointestinal decontamination in the acutely poisoned patient | Albertson et al. International Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011 4 65 http content 4 1 65 o International Journal of Emergency Medicine a SpringerOpen Journal REVIEW Open Access Gastrointestinal decontamination in the acutely poisoned patient Timothy E Albertson1 2 Kelly P Owen2 Mark E Sutter2 and Andrew L Chan1 Abstract Objective To define the role of gastrointestinal GI decontamination of the poisoned patient. Data Sources A computer-based PubMed MEDLINE search of the literature on GI decontamination in the poisoned patient with cross referencing of sources. Study Selection and Data Extraction Clinical animal and in vitro studies were reviewed for clinical relevance to GI decontamination of the poisoned patient. Data Synthesis The literature suggests that previously widely used aggressive approaches including the use of ipecac syrup gastric lavage and cathartics are now rarely recommended. Whole bowel irrigation is still often recommended for slow-release drugs metals and patients who pack or stuff foreign bodies filled with drugs of abuse but with little quality data to support it. Activated charcoal AC single or multiple doses was also a previous mainstay of GI decontamination but the utility of AC is now recognized to be limited and more time dependent than previously practiced. These recommendations have resulted in several treatment guidelines that are mostly based on retrospective analysis animal studies or small case series and rarely based on randomized clinical trials. Conclusions The current literature supports limited use of GI decontamination of the poisoned patient. Introduction In the United States the American Association of Poison Control Centers AAPCC reported about million poisoning exposures a year in 2006 while the Institute of Medicine in 2001 estimated more than 4 million poisoning episodes with 300 000 hospitalizations and 24 173 poisoning-related deaths 1-3 . This article will review the current recommendations .
