Tham khảo tài liệu 'great predators in the political economy of development_9', kinh tế - quản lý, quản lý nhà nước phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | MONEY AND POWER liabilities relate to disbursements of development finance from the 1980s and 1990s. Thus the debt cancellation from 2003-04 to 2005-06 granted for low-income countries in respect to ECGD was over 4 000 million nearly two-thirds of which went to Nigeria while the comparable figures for CDC were only 42 million and for DfID a paltry nearly 12 million which are generous summary figures since some of the flow relief could relate to stock subsequently cancelled which is an indirect form of double counting if the debt is not performing HC Library 2007 36 . According to a House of Commons Library paper in 2005-06 CDC was still owed a total of million by low-income countries whereas DfID was owed million and the World Bank where DfID is a creditor million. So the Commonwealth Development Corporation is the tail wagging the proverbial dog when it comes to debt relief with bigger transactions than the formal Department for International Development who ostensibly oversee its affairs HC Library 2007 36 . What these figures illustrate is that aid to the private sector and marginally to parastatals has for 30 years or so been much larger than aid to the public sector and its social institutions in developing countries and that much of current debt relief relates to liabilities generated there in unpaid loans for ports bridges sugar processing mills and the like. By far the largest source of liabilities roughly 74 times more if the ECGD figures are compared to the sum of the CDC and DfID totals combined relates to exported equipment though the ECGD which includes military equipment where the purchaser simply didn t pay up and the UK taxpayer was thus forced to pay out in insurance claims against the ECGD which were then eventually written off. In this most common scenario not only did the original aid have a low developmental value in the first instance which hardly justifies its accounting as part of a sovereign development debt but these .
