Tham khảo tài liệu 'partnerships for innovation in microfinance springer_3', tài chính - ngân hàng, tài chính doanh nghiệp phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 68 Sanjay Sinha Annex Ratings Directly Financed by Donors MFIs Country MFI Rating financed by . Purpose Bangladesh Ashrai SDC Novib loan fund operating cost Determination of investment in loan fund and operating cost subsidy BURO Tangail DFID SDC creation of special purpose funds Shakti Foundation SDC provision of guarantee Cambodia CEB EMT TPC MPDF CGAP fund raising India RGVN - Orissa Hivos financing loan fund and operating cost 8 MFIs FWWB-USAID cross-verification ASA Trust DCCB Bidar SHARE Spandana Shepherd CGAP benchmarking and fund raising BASIX Ford Foundation fund raising SEWA Bank SEWA Bank benchmarking Indonesia 3 BPRs USAID Asia Foundation demonstrate utility of rating to banks Ganesha Found n Pokmas Mandiri Ysn Mitra Usaha Hivos loan fund and operating cost Bina Swadaya Cordaid loan fund and operating cost fund raising Kazakhstan Kazakhstan City Loan Fund Hivos 1 loan fund and operating cost 2 graduation to commercial funding Myanmar Grameen Trust GRET PACT UNDP loan fund and operating cost Nirdhan Utthan Bk NSSC RRN VYCCU CECI-CIDA benchmarking demonstrate utility of rating to banks Pakistan Urban Poverty Alleviation Project CGAP benchmarking Philippines ARDCI CRBBI NWTF TSKI CGAP benchmarking fund raising Sri Lanka SEEDS CGAP benchmarking Timor- Leste Moris Rasik Hivos loan fund and operating cost Institute for Microfinance TL ADB benchmarking Chapter 4 MFI Equity An Investment Opportunity for the Broader Public Kylie A. Charlton Vice President - Capital Markets Unitus Introduction Microfinance institutions MFIs provide financial products to the economically active poor EAP a market segment underserved by mainstream financial institutions. Traditionally credit in the form of livelihood or business loans has been the focus for MFIs. In recent years some MFIs have extended their product offering to include savings accounts home improvement loans education loans and a range of insurance products. Having the EAP as their target market MFIs have been .