Tham khảo tài liệu 'public relations a practical guide to the basics_5', kinh doanh - tiếp thị, quản trị kinh doanh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Public relations - a practical guide 25-50. Much of the detailed planning required is the same as for conferences - though on a micro rather than a macro scale. Duration Seminars and workshops are shorter in duration lasting usually one day or at most two. Sometimes they may take place in an evening. Programme Whilst a programme is required it will be much simpler in content. Sessions are more informal and are designed to encourage discussion. Workshops tend to break up into still smaller groups and include active participation by those attending. Venues Because they are smaller seminars and workshops are often held at more modest venues than conferences. Hotel suites lecture halls or other similar sized venues are the norm. Speakers Speakers are normally fewer and less prestigious. There will be keynote speakers who address the same subject but probably from different viewpoints. Accommodation Seminars and workshops are not usually residential so accommodation should not present a problem. If it is required then a hotel venue with appropriate accommodation on site will usually be the answer. Travel arrangements Normally delegates make their own travel arrangements. Delegates may have to pay for their own overnight accommodation or it may be part of the whole package. Keynote speakers may have to be paid and accommodated overnight. 56 Promotions and functions Fees and expenses Delegates to seminars and workshops normally pay a fee and keynote speakers may have to be paid though less than for a conference. Overall expenses will be less. Equipment The same rules apply here as for a conference though on a smaller scale. Many hotels will provide all the equipment necessary for audiovisual presentations and even video and PA equipment. However check it all out first. It may not be very good or it may be faulty. And they may charge extra for using it 57 12 Visits All types of visits require a degree of planning and organizing depending on the nature of the visit and the