Tham khảo tài liệu 'manufacturing the future 2012 part 16', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Multidimensional of Manufacturing Technology Organizational Characteristics. 741 In foreign-owned plants High-volume automation technology use is significantly higher than its use in either Thai-owned p .001 or joint-venture plants p .001 . In Thai-owned plants Low-volume flexible automation technology use is higher than the use of this technology in either joint ventures p .001 or foreign-owned p .001 plants. Apparently Thai plants produce more low volume components. Plant ownership has no effect on Data-interchange technologies. In an earlier section this study reported that plant size has no effect on Data-interchange technology use. Taken together with this finding it is important to note that Data-interchange technologies are relatively more mature technologies easily implementable without much capital or resources and is immune to size and ownership. Technology Factors Thai-owned Jointventure Foreign-owned High-volume automation technologies Significance of Joint venture and column Significance of Foreign-owned and column Mean score Joint venture Foreign- owned p ns p p Data-interchange technologies Significance of Joint venture and column Significance of Foreign-owned and column Mean score Joint venture Foreign- owned p ns p ns p ns Low-volume flexible automation technologies Significance of Joint venture and column Significance of Foreign-owned and column Mean score Joint venture Foreign-owned p p p ns Table 5. Technology Factors and Ownership. Significant at level. Significant at level. Significant at level. ns not significant 742 Manufacturing the Future Concepts Technologies Visions Unionization Very few studies have investigated the effect of unionization on manufacturing technology use. Tchijov 1989 s found that plants with labor union membership exhibit the resistance to adoption of new technologies. This study does not measure union