Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Research Article Inter-Operator Spectrum Sharing from a Game Theoretical Perspective | Hindawi Publishing Corporation EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing Volume 2009 Article ID 295739 12 pages doi 2009 295739 Research Article Inter-Operator Spectrum Sharing from a Game Theoretical Perspective Mehdi Bennis 1 Samson Lasaulce 2 and Merouane Debbah3 1 Centre for Wireless Communications University of Oulu 90014 Oulu Finland 2SUPELEC CNRS 91192 Gif-sur-Yvettes Cedex France 3Alcatel-Lucent Chair in Flexible Radio SUPELEC 91192 Gif-sur-Yvettes Cedex France Correspondence should be addressed to Mehdi Bennis bennis@ Received 15 February 2009 Revised 1 June 2009 Accepted 8 July 2009 Recommended by K. Subbalakshmi We address the problem of spectrum sharing where competitive operators coexist in the same frequency band. First we model this problem as a strategic non-cooperative game where operators simultaneously share the spectrum according to the Nash Equilibrium NE . Given a set of channel realizations several Nash equilibria exist which renders the outcome of the game unpredictable. Then in a cognitive context with the presence of primary and secondary operators the inter-operator spectrum sharing problem is reformulated as a Stackelberg game using hierarchy where the primary operator is the leader. The Stackelberg Equilibrium SE is reached where the best response of the secondary operator is taken into account upon maximizing the primary operator s utility function. Moreover an extension to the multiple operators spectrum sharing problem is given. It is shown that the Stackelberg approach yields better payoffs for operators compared to the classical water-filling approach. Finally we assess the goodness of the proposed distributed approach by comparing its performance to the centralized approach. Copyright 2009 Mehdi Bennis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is .
