Tham khảo tài liệu 'cutting tool technology industrial handbook by graham t smith_3', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, điện - điện tử phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Turning and Chip-breaking Technology 51 valve-driven hydraulically-servo controlled computer called Whirlwind . In the late 1970 s with the advent of microprocessor technology these later NC machine tools were converted to Computer Numerical Control CNC offering a significant stride forward in operator-usability via on-board editing - without the costly and timely re-punching of NC paper tapes each time a minor modification occurred to the NC program. Today CNC machine tools have fast multiple-processor controls with on-line computer graphics enabling new programs to be written and prove-out while the machine tool cuts other components or the programs can be automatically down-loaded by a Direct Numerical Control DNC data-link from the CAD CAM workstation or via remote satellite-linkage from other sites either locally or internationally. The design and development of some of today s and the future machine tools utilise ultra-fast CNC microprocessors coupled to orthogonal multi-axes linear-induction motor-driven slideways that can be precisely monitored via laser-controlled positional encoders with ultra-fast co-axial spindles. Moreover non-orthogonal-axes controlled machine tools are under development using simultaneous mulitple-axes slideway control with hybrids having tool spindles that incorporate multiple angular orientation together with their linear slideways for truly sculptured free-form surface machining capabilities. Even today operations carried out by several machine tools are now being incorporated into one hybid machine tool with such as turning milling and grinding at one set-up. In the near future the machine tools will have slideway acceleration decelerations of faster 5g s with these machines having the ability to rough-turn mill heat-treat grind critical features all remotely-controlled via satellite from the CAD CAM designer significantly speeding-up the product development process time-to-market. Pioneering Work in Metal Cutting - a Brief
