Greve cung cấp một đánh giá xuất sắc của cả văn học lý thuyết và thực nghiệm giải quyết ảnh hưởng của hiệu suất trên hành vi của công ty cũng cung cấp kết quả thực nghiệm mới và thú vị. Đây là một cuốn sách cần thiết cho bất cứ ai quan tâm đến thông tin phản hồi hiệu suất trong tổ chức. | Foundations 35 timing and participation in decision making greatly affects the decision March and Olsen 1976 Ocasio 1995 . It is difficult for organizations to ensure that interested and knowledgeable participants will be available for all its decision making since so many decisions need to be made and it is not always clear a priori which decisions are most important. The result is fluid participation Cohen March and Olsen 1972 with organizational members allocating varying amounts of time to different decision domains depending on their preferences and time constraint. Fluid participation makes the set of participants present at a given decision-making occasion unpredictable. This adds variability to the decision-making process and can result in delayed decision making and decisions made through matching a smaller set of problems and solutions than full participation would give Cohen March and Olsen 1972 . Fluid participation may cause organizational decisions to be more like those of individuals by reducing the number of interested and knowledgeable decision makers present to the point where others will defer to the manager with the greatest interest in the decision. Who this manager is will vary so the end result is not necessarily predictable but a notable feature of fluid participation is its potential for creating organizational inertia. Organizational changes often cause a few to suffer for the benefit of the whole such as when poorly functioning organizational units are reorganized in order to raise overall competitiveness. Clearly members of the unit targeted for change have intense preferences against change proposals and others may have only mild preferences in favor leading to inertia in organizations where participation in a given decision-making situation is determined by the intensity of preference for or against the alternatives under consideration. Group decision-making work provides some confirmation that the ideas of the social psychological .
