Herbicides Environmental Impact Studies and Management Approaches Part 6

Tham khảo tài liệu 'herbicides environmental impact studies and management approaches part 6', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ sinh học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Distribution and Potential Effects of Antifouling PSII Herbicide Diuron on Subtropical Coral Reefs 89 Spring Illis 2007 Í uiimiar Augean Winter Not- Moq Spring Maj iaa Winter Nor 2003 Winter Jan. 2009 Al ND ND A2 ND ND ND A3 ND ND ND Cl ND ND ND ND ND C2 ND ND ND ND ND ND C3 ND ND ND 193 ND DI ND ND D2 ND ND ND ND ND D3 ND ND ND ND ND El 627 159 E2 ND ND ND ND ND E3 ND 0J9 ND 102 ND Fl 128 ND 129 F2 ND ND ND ND F3 12 ND ND ND ND G1 093 ND ND ND G2 ND ND G3 ND ND ND XI ND ND ND ND ND ND X2 ND 134 ND ND ND X3 ND ND ND ND ND Y1 ND ND 242 ND Y2 ND ND ND ND ND ND Y3 ND ND ND ND ZL ND ND ND ND ND Z2 ND ND ND ND 23 ND ND ND ND ND T dcirciki River STI NS NS 7538 NS ST2 12 NS NS NS STS NS NS NS ST4 NS NS NS NS NS ST5 NS NS NS NS 112 NS ST6 NS NS NS NS 252 NS ST NS NS NS NS 21 NS STS NS NS NS NS 103 NS ST9 NS NS NS NS NS ST10 NS NS NS NS NS NS means No Sample ND means Not Detected Table 1. Spatial and temporal variation of diuron around Shiraho coral reefs ng L 1 . 90 Herbicides - Environmental Impact Studies and Management Approaches summer in the region and released to the aquatic systems during high rainfall during December Winter . The retention of diuron in the soils is may due to the fact that it has a long half-life 43-2180 days Sapozhnikova et al. 2007 . In Naha Bay relatively high levels were detected in September compared to other months Fig. 4 . This season coincides with the high boating season in Okinawa Island thus suggesting that the main source of diuron is from antifouling paints released from ships. Okamura et al. 2003 found considerable levels of diuron inside the fishing ports in Western Japan. Fig. 4. Spatial and temporal distribution of diuron in Naha Bay Sep. .