Tham khảo tài liệu 'international perspectives on global environmental change part 4', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ sinh học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Agricultural Technological and Institutional Innovations for Enhanced Adaptation to Environmental Change in North Africa 79 cultivars water harvesting and supplementary irrigation no-tillage practices efficient feeding of small ruminants including communal rangeland management utilization of balanced feed blocks fodder shrubs and cactus a marvelous multi-purpose crop and above all the participation and empowerment of rural communities facing the adverse effects of climate change. Most of these innovations have been outscaled to other countries and regions with similar agro-ecologies. Thus within the framework of FAO-ICARDA International Technical Cooperation Network on Cactus FAO-ICARDA Cactusnet cactus technologies have been disseminated to countries in the Near East Jordan Iran Arabian Peninsula South East Asia India Pakistan Subsaharan Africa Mauritania Mozambique and East Africa Ethiopia Eritrea . Within ICARDA Mashreq-Maghreb project technological options such as feed blocks and fodder shrubs and trees have been adopted in countries of the Near East Lebanon Jordan Syria Iraq and South East Asia India Pakistan . Institutional innovations including the community approach and community development plan have been applied and largely adopted in Jordan Syria Lebanon Pakistan and Mauritania. The adoption of the improved technologies and institutional innovations and of further upgrade thereof will enable the North African rural communities cope with climate change. However the recent IPCC projections point to an alarming increase in temperature an important sea level rise a general trend of rainfall reduction and frequent occurrence of extreme events including severe drought and floods. These projections call for a firmer commitment and investment of North African countries and concerned international institutions in scientific innovations to address the worsening of natural resources status and the ensuing threat to food security. Issues to .
