Tham khảo tài liệu 'international perspectives on global environmental change part 14', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ sinh học phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Linking Sea Level Rise Damage and Vulnerability Assessment The Case of Greece 379 Greece construction of summer residence occurs too close to the coast Figure 1 increasing social vulnerability in the case of SLR. Construction near the coast happens due to the fact that tides in the Mediterranean do not exceed 40 cm. So vulnerability rises due to the increased exposure of coastal constructions and the growing number of people colonizing the Mediterranean coasts. Fig. 1. Storm surge in Molyvos coast Lesvos island Greece December 2009 photo T. Karabas . All the aforementioned coastal resources contribute to the development of cultural services such as leisure aesthetics and ability to perform scientific and educational activities conservation of cultural heritage and cultural capital also through arts philosophy and inspirational sources. The coastal ecosystem services regulate support and supply in both natural and cultural terms the Greek social capital through generations at a scale that exceeds the local and can be historically projected to a European and global level. All the above ecosystem services provided by the Greek coastal zone lead to the conclusion that such an important natural resource should be worthy of respect and protection. The threats to the Greek coastal and marine environment stem mostly from anthropogenic driving forces . overexploitation of natural resources urbanization pollution eutrophication and invasive species . A major problem of the Greek coastal zone is the high rate of coastline erosion over 20 of the total coastline is threatened making Greece the 4th most vulnerable country among the 22 coastal EU member states in terms of coastal erosion EUROSION 2004 . Major causes for the increased erosion are the particularly strong winds and the storm surges in the Aegean Sea the anthropogenic interventions . dams which reduce sediment input Poulos et al. 2002 as well as the geomorphologic substrate of the coastline the 2 400 km 15 of .
