A community of interbreeding individuals. No degree of relationship is assumed. •The term “Stand”is often used synonymously. Geographic location where seed was collected.•Refers to natural forests, not plantations.•Provenance boundaries not always clear-cut, often one of judgment and opinion.•Provenance may have different genetic adaptation. | Terms Commonly Used in Tree Improvement Khongsak Pinyopusarerk CSIRO Ensis-Genetics Canberra Australia Population A community of interbreeding individuals. No degree of relationship is assumed. The term Stand is often used synonymously. Provenance Geographic location where seed was collected. Refers to natural forests not plantations. Provenance boundaries not always clear-cut often one of judgment and opinion. Provenance may have different genetic .