Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành hóa học dành cho các bạn yêu hóa học tham khảo đề tài: Research Article Visual Contribution to Speech Perception: Measuring the Intelligibility of Animated Talking Heads | Hindawi Publishing Corporation EURASIP Journal on Audio Speech and Music Processing Volume 2007 Article ID 47891 12 pages doi 2007 47891 Research Article Visual Contribution to Speech Perception Measuring the Intelligibility of Animated Talking Heads Slim Ouni 1 Michael M. Cohen 2 Hope Ishak 2 and Dominic W. Massaro2 1 LORIA Campus Scientifique BP 239 54506 Vandoeure les Nancy Cedex France 2 Perceptual Science Laboratory University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA Received 7 January 2006 Revised 21 July 2006 Accepted 21 July 2006 Recommended by Jont B. Allen Animated agents are becoming increasingly frequent in research and applications in speech science. An important challenge is to evaluate the effectiveness of the agent in terms of the intelligibility of its visible speech. In three experiments we extend and test the Sumby and Pollack 1954 metric to allow the comparison of an agent relative to a standard or reference and also propose a new metric based on the fuzzy logical model of perception FLMP to describe the benefit provided by a synthetic animated face relative to the benefit provided by a natural face. A valid metric would allow direct comparisons accross different experiments and would give measures of the benfit of a synthetic animated face relative to a natural face or indeed any two conditions and how this benefit varies as a function of the type of synthetic face the test items . syllables versus sentences different individuals and applications. Copyright 2007 Slim Ouni et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. 1. INTRODUCTION It is not surprising that face-to-face communication is more effective than situations involving just the voice. One reason is that the face improves intelligibility particularly when the auditory signal is degraded by the presence of .
