Related sensations during eating such as somatic sensations of coolness, warmth, and irritation are mediated through the trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and vagal afferents in the nose, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, and larynx. Flavor is the complex interaction of taste, smell, and somatic sensation. Terms relating to disorders of smell include anosmia, an absence of the ability to smell;hyposmia, a decreased ability to smell; hyperosmia, an increased sensitivity to an odorant;dysosmia, distortion in the perception of an odor; phantosmia, perception of an odorant where none is present; and agnosia, inability to classify, contrast, or identify odor sensations verbally, even though the ability.
