Ten years after the publication of the first edition of Introduction to Medical Immunology, the ideal immunology textbook continues to be a very elusive target. The discipline continues to grow at a brisk pace, and the concepts tend to become obsolete as quickly as we put them in writing. It is very true of immunology that the more we know, the greater our ignorance. This represents the challenge that makes teaching immunology so exceptional and writing immunology textbooks such a daunting task. The fourth edition of Introduction to Medical Immunology retains the features that make this textbook unique— particularly, its emphasis on the clinical application of.