The 42nd volume of this series contains eight reviews written by an international array of authors that, as usual, range widely in subject and taxonomic and geographic coverage. The majority of articles were solicited, but the editors always welcome suggestions from potential authors for topics they consider could form the basis of appropriate contributions. Because an annual publication schedule necessarily places constraints on the timetable for submission, evaluation, and acceptance of manuscripts, potential contributors are advised to make contact with the editors at an early stage of preparation so that the delay between submission and publication is minimised