The state of aquatic ecosystems reflects the general state of the biosphere. The situation in the biosphere affected by anthropogenic factors was characterized as “a slow explosion” (Fedorov 1987). The global change in the biosphere and climatic system of the Earth is a manifestation of this “slow explosion” (World Resources 1990–1991, Izrael et al. 1992). This change is due to man-made impact and disturbances in the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, which take part in the formation and regulation of biogeochemical and energetic fluxes in the biosphere (Fedorov 1987, 1992; Abakumov 1993; Kuznetsov 1993; Losev et al. 1993; Gorshkov 1987; Lovelock and Kump 1994; Lovelock 1995)
