In this chapter, we will introduce you to the fundamentals of testing: why testing is needed; its limitations, objectives and purpose; the principles behind testing; the process that testers follow; and some of the psychological factors that testers must consider in their work. By reading this chapter you'll gain an understanding of the fundamentals of testing and be able to describe those fundamentals. | FOUNDATIONS OF SOFTWARE TESTING ISTQB CERTIFICATION Dorothy Graham Erik van Veenendaal Isabel Evans Rex Black CONTENTS Acknowledgements viii Preface ix 1 Fundamentals of testing 1 Why is testing necessary 1 What is testing 11 Testing principles 18 Fundamental test process 20 The psychology of testing 26 Chapter review 31 Sample exam questions 32 Exercise Test psychology 33 Exercise solution 34 2 Testing throughout the software life cycle 35 Software development models 35 Test levels 41 Test types the targets of testing 46 Maintenance testing 50 Chapter review 54 Sample exam questions 55 3 Static techniques 57 Reviews and the test process 57 Review process 59 Static analysis by tools 69 Chapter review 74 Sample exam questions 75 4 Test design techniques 77 Identifying test conditions and designing test cases 77 Categories of test design techniques 84 Specification-based or black-box techniques 87 Structure-based or white-box techniques 105 Experience-based techniques 112 Choosing a test technique 114 Chapter revi ew 117 Sample exam questions 118 Exercises Test design techniques 121 Exercise solutions 122 5 Test management 127 Test organization 127 Test plans estimates and strategies 132 Test progress monitoring and control 142 Configuration management 148 Risk and testing 149 Incident management 155 Chapter revi ew 161 Sample exam questions 162 Exercise Incident report 165 Exercise solution 166 6 Tool support for testing 169 Types of test tool 169 Effective use of tools Potential benefits and risks 184 Introducing a tool into an organization 190 Chapter review 193 Sample exam questions 195 7 ISTQB Foundation Exam 197 Preparing for the exam 197 Taking the exam 199 Mock exam 201 Glossary 209 Answers to sample exam questions 227 References 231 Authors 237 Companies 239 Index .
