osing a Behavior to Measure Errors in Measuring Behavior Overview of Two Types of Measurement Errors: Bias and Random Error Errors Due to the Observer: Bias and Random Error Errors in Administering the Measure: Bias and Random Error Errors Due to the Participant: Bias and Random Error Summary of the Three Sources and Two Types of Measurement Error Reliability: The (Relative) Absence of Random Error The Importance of Being Reliable: Reliability as a Prerequisite to Validity Using Test–Retest Reliability to Assess Overall Reliability: To What Degree Is a Measure “Random Error Free” ? Identifying (and Then Dealing With) the Main Source of.