Motivation Scale, an instrument that measures six supportive factors related to learning (self-belief, value of schooling, learning focus, planning and monitoring, study management, persistence) and four factors that undermine learning (anxiety, low control, failure avoidance, self-sabotage). The goal of this study was to prioritize the impact of these 10 factors on boys’ academic outcomes and use this informa-tion to build a list of recommendations that might either reinforce the posi-tive influence or minimize the negative impact of the factors during learning as a means of improving the educational outcomes of underachieving boys. .
