The first report of a quantitative risk evaluation applied to health goes back to Laplace, in the late eighteenth century, which calculated the probability of death among people with and without vaccination for smallpox. With Pasteur's studies in the late nineteenth century, it was possible to use the tools of statistics to evaluate the factors related to communicable diseases, giving birth to the concept of epidemiological risk (Covello; Munpower, 1985, Czeresnia, 2004).