Physics and engineering governing the applications of synchrotron radiation is based on enormous achievements during more than one hundred years in the filed of X-ray physics and technology. The contents of this book, starting with the very general aspects of synchrotron radiation investigated, have been developed by numerous scientist and experimentalist in this field during the past 20 years. The readers are recommended to visit the websites of major synchrotron facilities in the world, and update their knowledge of this rapidly changing and progressing field. Since this book covers a wide range of topics related to the experimental aspects, from the physics to biology, in many occasions it does.