This second edition presents new chapters on (a) the utilization of mutants as highresolution nanosensors of short-living protein structures and protein nanophysics (Chap. 11) and (b) the recently developed method of evolutionary computer programming (Chap. 12), respectively. In the latter method, computer programs evolve themselves towards a higher performance. In contrast to simple selflearning programs, the code of the evolved program differs significantly from that of the original "wild-type" program. In applications on protein folding and structure, evolutionary programming has been shown to yield results many orders of magnitude faster and more efficient than traditional methods. The method is applicable on a wide range of complex problems, ., in.
