As we begin the twenty-first century, nanoscience and technology are advancing at a rapid pace and making revolutionary contributions in many fields including electronics, materials science, chemistry, biology, structures and mechanics, and optoelectronics. Although nanoscience and technology are progressing along many fronts, the most impressive progress has been made in the area of semiconductor technology. This book reviews recent progress in semiconductor nanostructure growth and materials development and also reviews progress in semiconductor devices using nanostructures, with a particular emphasis on 3D nanostructures that have emerged during the last 10 years