How to teach LANGUAGE Focus on the S tudy (S): Gram m ar Vocabulary Pronunciation What does language study consist of? Exposure to the language Understand its meanings Understand its forms Practice language Exposing | Focus on the Study (S): Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation How to teach LANGUAGE What does language study consist of? Exposure to the language Understand its meanings Understand its forms Practice language Exposing Ss to language Purpose: to give Ss chances to hear or see the new language. How? T’s oral modeling / presentation tapes, videotapes, VCD transcripts reading texts corpus data Understanding meanings Techniques: using real objects / realia giving gestures & expressions using pictures (photos, cards, drawings ) providing definitions giving synonyms / antonyms giving situations, contexts providing sets of examples having Ss use a dictionary using check questions Understanding language forms What are language forms? sounds stress patterns intonation how words are constructed how words are combined Understanding language forms Techniques demonstration – usually with exaggeration –for sounds, stress, intonation clapping hands, flicking fingers for stress using | Focus on the Study (S): Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation How to teach LANGUAGE What does language study consist of? Exposure to the language Understand its meanings Understand its forms Practice language Exposing Ss to language Purpose: to give Ss chances to hear or see the new language. How? T’s oral modeling / presentation tapes, videotapes, VCD transcripts reading texts corpus data Understanding meanings Techniques: using real objects / realia giving gestures & expressions using pictures (photos, cards, drawings ) providing definitions giving synonyms / antonyms giving situations, contexts providing sets of examples having Ss use a dictionary using check questions Understanding language forms What are language forms? sounds stress patterns intonation how words are constructed how words are combined Understanding language forms Techniques demonstration – usually with exaggeration –for sounds, stress, intonation clapping hands, flicking fingers for stress using fingers ( for simple structures, contractions) writing pronunciation, tables on board getting Ss physically in line giving discovering activities w/ guidance questions Practicing language Techniques repetition drills substitution drills question & answer exchange building up sentences (w/ or w/t prompt words language games Teach GRAMMAR Teaching Grammar What are the approaches of teaching grammar? EXAMPLES RULES Deductive Inductive Integrating Grammar using a PPP model rule explanation exercises focus on accuracy automisation focus on fluency Presentation Practice Production Integrating Grammar using a Task-based model Focus on real use of language Identify language feature Treat language problem Re-perform the original task Task Teach Task Integrating Grammar using a skill-based model Available source Student’s production Text 1 Text 2 Teach Teach VOCABULARY Teaching Vocabulary polysemes homonyms synonyms & antonyms word families collocations word classes word formation lexical chunks Teach PRONUNCIATION Teaching Pronunciation stress place of articulation phonetic symbols sounds intonation Correcting mistakes Techniques repetition with raising voice offering choices making generalization self correction peer correction
