In the section on ‘Lentiviral Vector’, the generation of high-titre lentiviral vectors capable of efficiently expressing transgenes over long periods of time is governed by a number of vector design rules. Chapter thirteen highlights the guiding design principles and the technical of the successful lentiviral gene vector design. Chapter fourteen reviews current status of lentiviral vector development, especially the progress in the lentiviral vector systems allowing the controlling of gene expression. It also discusses the ability of future application of the gene regulatable lentiviral vectors to therapeutic approach for the treatment of HIV-1 infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Chapter fifteen discusses the development of lentiviral vectors, their evaluation.