And in fact, that neuroprotection is indeed possible is demonstrated beyond doubt by the neglected survivor of that host of neuroprotectant agents: hypothermia. Hypothermia was demonstrated to be effective in a score of animal experiments, and it has now become recommended intervention in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Hypothermia is not a drug, but it demonstrates that neuroprotection is a reality, not a myth. Besides, it obviously shows that animal experiments were right, humans treated with hypothermia fare better than untreated ones, just like animal studies had predicted. Thus, the fact that hypothermia is now successful in clinical practice, at least in out-ofhospital cardiac arrest, tells us one simple truth: neuroprotection.