Yet the measures agreed so far are not suffi cient to contain the negative environmental effects of transport growth. Furthermore, there is still no coherent ‘roadmap’ to reduce emissions from transport. The rail sector strongly recommends that transport policies in the EU and elsewhere start to make more use of the energy effi ciency of railways in order to progress towards the 2020 targets. Railways already offer the most energy-effi cient performance and are constantly improving, both in terms of passenger km (pkm) and tonne km (tkm)