The third challenge is to develop health strategies that respond to the diverse and evolving needs of countries. This means designing cost-effective strategies which address those diseases and conditions which account for the greatest share of the burden of disease, now and in the future. In addition to the priorities reflected in the MDGs, reproductive health interventions will be essential in all countries. Efforts to reduce violence and injuries - as well as noncommunicable diseases such as those related to cardiovascular disease and tobacco use - are important almost everywhere. As discussed in Chapter 4, the MDGs indicate desirable outcomes in terms of overall improvements in human well-being. The.