In the last two decades, many books have been published on ion implantation and ion-beam processing. Why this one now? After all, the advantages of using an energetic ion beam to modify surfaces with a view to enhancing their tribological, electrochemical, optical and magnetic properties have been known for some time. The aim of this volume is to review the basics of previous work on ion-beam modification of materials and to include enough new material on novel applications to bring newcomers “up to speed” in this exciting area